Understanding the opposite of surprise – expectation – is crucial for mastering English grammar. While surprise often stems from the unexpected, expectation involves anticipating certain outcomes or events.
This concept manifests in various grammatical structures, influencing verb tenses, modal verbs, and conditional sentences. Recognizing how expectation shapes language allows for more precise communication and a deeper understanding of nuanced meanings.
This article will guide you through the intricacies of expectation in grammar, offering clear explanations, illustrative examples, and practical exercises. This guide benefits English language learners, writers, and anyone seeking to refine their understanding of English grammar and improve their communication skills.
By exploring the grammatical tools used to express expectation, you’ll be better equipped to convey your intended meaning accurately and confidently.
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Defining Expectation in Grammar
- Structural Breakdown of Expectation
- Types and Categories of Grammatical Expectation
- Examples of Expectation in Grammar
- Usage Rules for Expressing Expectation
- Common Mistakes When Expressing Expectation
- Practice Exercises
- Advanced Topics in Expectation
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Conclusion
Defining Expectation in Grammar
In the context of grammar, expectation refers to a belief or anticipation about a future, present, or past event. It is a cognitive state that influences how we structure our sentences to convey what we believe is likely to happen, is currently happening, or has already happened. Expectation is closely linked to concepts like prediction, assumption, and anticipation. It acts as a framework for understanding the world and communicating our understanding to others. Grammatically, expectation is expressed through various means, including verb tenses, modal verbs, adverbs, and specific sentence structures. The grammatical tools used to convey expectation allow us to communicate our beliefs about the likelihood of events, creating a shared understanding between speakers and listeners.
Expectation functions as a linguistic tool that shapes the interpretation of events. For instance, the use of the future tense “will” often implies a degree of certainty or expectation about a future action.
Similarly, modal verbs like “should” and “ought to” convey a sense of obligation or expected behavior. Adverbs such as “certainly,” “probably,” and “definitely” further refine the degree of expectation.
Understanding the grammatical nuances associated with expectation is crucial for effective communication. It enables us to express our beliefs and assumptions with precision, minimizing ambiguity and ensuring that our message is accurately conveyed.
Structural Breakdown of Expectation
The expression of expectation in English grammar relies on several key structural elements. These elements work together to convey the speaker’s belief or anticipation about an event.
The main components include:
- Verb Tenses: Future tenses (e.g., will, going to) are commonly used to express expectations about future events. Present tenses can also convey expectations about present habits or routines. Past tenses, particularly the past perfect, can indicate expectations about past events that were not met.
- Modal Verbs: Modal verbs such as should, ought to, must, and be supposed to are frequently used to express obligations, recommendations, and expected behaviors. These verbs add a layer of nuance to the expression of expectation, indicating the strength and nature of the speaker’s belief.
- Adverbs of Certainty: Adverbs like certainly, definitely, probably, likely, and possibly modify verbs or sentences to indicate the degree of certainty associated with an expectation. These adverbs help to refine the speaker’s message, conveying the level of confidence in their expectation.
- Conditional Sentences: Conditional sentences (e.g., If…then) can express expectations about the consequences of certain actions or events. These sentences establish a relationship between a condition and an expected outcome.
- Specific Phrases: Certain phrases, such as “I expect that…” or “It is expected that…”, explicitly introduce an expectation. These phrases provide a clear and direct way to communicate the speaker’s belief or anticipation.
The pattern for expressing future expectation often involves the use of “will” + base form of the verb. For example, “I will arrive on time” indicates a strong expectation of arriving on time. Another common pattern is “be going to” + base form of the verb, which expresses a planned or anticipated event. For instance, “I am going to finish this project today” conveys an expectation of completing the project. Understanding these structural patterns is essential for constructing grammatically correct and meaningful sentences that accurately express expectation.
Types and Categories of Grammatical Expectation
Expectation in grammar can be categorized based on the time frame to which it refers: future, present, and past. Additionally, we can consider the category of “failed expectation,” which describes situations where anticipated outcomes did not occur.
Each category employs different grammatical structures to convey the speaker’s belief or anticipation.
Future Expectation
Future expectation refers to beliefs or anticipations about events that will occur in the future. This is often expressed using future tenses, modal verbs, and adverbs of certainty.
The future simple tense (will + base form of verb) is a common way to express a general expectation about the future. For example, “The sun will rise tomorrow” expresses a high degree of certainty.
The “going to” future tense is used to express plans or intentions, implying an expectation that these plans will be carried out. For example, “I am going to study abroad next year” indicates a strong expectation of studying abroad.
Modal verbs like “should” and “ought to” can also express expectations about future behavior or obligations. For example, “You should arrive on time” conveys an expectation of punctuality.
Present Expectation
Present expectation involves beliefs or anticipations about events that are currently happening or are generally true. This is often expressed using present tenses and adverbs of frequency.
The present simple tense can express habitual actions or general truths, implying an expectation that these actions or truths will continue to hold. For example, “The train always arrives on time” conveys an expectation of punctuality.
The present continuous tense can express expectations about ongoing events. For example, “She is currently working on the project” indicates an expectation that she is actively engaged in the project.
Adverbs of frequency, such as “always,” “usually,” “often,” and “sometimes,” further refine the expression of present expectation. For example, “He usually eats lunch at noon” conveys an expectation about his lunchtime routine.
Past Expectation
Past expectation refers to beliefs or anticipations about events that occurred in the past. This is often expressed using past tenses, particularly the past perfect, and modal verbs in the past form.
The past perfect tense is used to describe an action completed before another action in the past, often implying an expectation that the first action would have a certain consequence. For example, “I had expected him to call, but he didn’t” indicates an expectation that he would call.
Modal verbs in the past form, such as “should have” and “ought to have,” express expectations about past actions that were not fulfilled. For example, “You should have told me earlier” conveys an expectation that you would have informed me sooner.
Failed Expectation
Failed expectation describes situations where anticipated outcomes did not occur. This is often expressed using specific phrases, modal verbs, and adverbs that indicate disappointment or surprise.
Phrases like “I had expected…” or “I was expecting…” are commonly used to introduce a failed expectation. For example, “I had expected the movie to be good, but it was terrible” clearly indicates a failed expectation.
Modal verbs like “should have” and “ought to have” can also express regret or disappointment about past actions that did not meet expectations. For example, “I should have studied harder” conveys regret about not studying sufficiently.
Adverbs like “unfortunately” and “disappointingly” further emphasize the failure of an expectation. For example, “Unfortunately, the project was not completed on time” indicates that the anticipated completion date was not met.
Examples of Expectation in Grammar
The following sections provide extensive examples of how expectation is expressed in grammar, categorized by time frame and including examples of failed expectations.
Future Expectation Examples
These examples illustrate how future expectation is expressed using various grammatical structures.
| Sentence | Explanation |
|---|---|
| I will finish this report by tomorrow. | Expresses a strong expectation of completing the report. |
| She is going to travel to Europe next summer. | Indicates a planned trip, implying an expectation of traveling. |
| They should arrive at the meeting on time. | Conveys an expectation of punctuality. |
| The weather will probably be sunny tomorrow. | Expresses a likely expectation about the weather. |
| He is expected to win the competition. | Indicates a general expectation of his victory. |
| The train will be arriving in five minutes. | Expresses an imminent expectation of the train’s arrival. |
| I anticipate that the project will be successful. | Explicitly states an expectation of success. |
| She is bound to succeed with her talent. | Implies a high expectation of her success. |
| They are scheduled to depart at 10 AM. | Indicates a planned departure, implying an expectation of leaving at the scheduled time. |
| I foresee a bright future for him. | Expresses a positive expectation about his future. |
| The company projects increased profits this year. | Indicates an expectation of higher profits. |
| He is tipped to be the next CEO. | Expresses an expectation based on insider information. |
| The concert is predicted to sell out quickly. | Indicates a likely expectation about ticket sales. |
| She is slated to give the keynote speech. | Indicates a planned speech, implying an expectation of her delivering it. |
| They are forecast to have a record harvest. | Expresses an expectation based on agricultural data. |
| I fully expect him to apologize. | Expresses a complete expectation of an apology. |
| She is anticipated to break the world record. | Indicates a widely held expectation of her achievement. |
| The new policy is expected to improve efficiency. | Expresses an expectation of positive outcomes. |
| He is presumed to be innocent until proven guilty. | Indicates a legal expectation. |
| The package is due to arrive tomorrow. | Expresses an expectation based on shipping information. |
| The economy is projected to grow next quarter. | Indicates an economic expectation. |
| She is thought to be the best candidate. | Expresses a widely held expectation of her suitability. |
| The book is likely to become a bestseller. | Indicates a probable expectation of its success. |
| He is destined to achieve great things. | Implies a fated expectation of his success. |
This table showcases how different phrases and constructions can be employed to indicate future expectations. The level of certainty conveyed varies, ranging from strong predictions to more tentative forecasts.
Present Expectation Examples
These examples illustrate how present expectation is expressed using various grammatical structures.
| Sentence | Explanation |
|---|---|
| He always arrives on time. | Expresses a habitual expectation of punctuality. |
| She is currently working on the presentation. | Indicates an ongoing expectation of her working. |
| They usually eat lunch at noon. | Conveys an expectation about their lunchtime routine. |
| The sun rises in the east. | Expresses a universally expected phenomenon. |
| Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. | Indicates a scientific expectation. |
| He is typically very helpful. | Expresses a general expectation of his helpfulness. |
| She is generally happy with her job. | Indicates a common expectation of her job satisfaction. |
| They are habitually late for appointments. | Expresses a recurring expectation of their tardiness. |
| The store is usually crowded on weekends. | Conveys an expectation about weekend crowds. |
| He is consistently praised for his work. | Indicates a regular expectation of praise. |
| She is constantly striving for improvement. | Expresses an ongoing expectation of her efforts. |
| They are frequently seen at the gym. | Indicates a common expectation of their presence. |
| The restaurant is known for its excellent service. | Conveys an expectation of good service. |
| He is reputed to be a brilliant scientist. | Expresses a widely held expectation of his intelligence. |
| She is considered to be a talented artist. | Indicates a common expectation of her talent. |
| They are regarded as the best in their field. | Expresses a high expectation of their expertise. |
| The company is recognized for its innovation. | Conveys an expectation of innovative practices. |
| He is deemed to be a trustworthy leader. | Indicates a common expectation of his reliability. |
| She is perceived as a strong advocate for change. | Expresses an expectation of her advocacy. |
| They are viewed as role models in the community. | Indicates a high expectation of their behavior. |
| The product is marketed as a revolutionary solution. | Conveys an expectation of its effectiveness. |
| He is advertised as a leading expert. | Expresses an expectation of his expertise. |
| She is promoted as a visionary leader. | Indicates an expectation of her leadership qualities. |
| They are portrayed as champions of justice. | Expresses an expectation of their fairness. |
This table presents examples of how present expectations are formed based on habits, general truths, and reputations. The adverbs of frequency play a significant role in shaping the degree of expectation.
Past Expectation Examples
These examples illustrate how past expectation is expressed using various grammatical structures.
| Sentence | Explanation |
|---|---|
| I had expected him to call, but he didn’t. | Indicates an expectation that was not met. |
| You should have told me earlier. | Conveys an expectation that you would have informed me sooner. |
| They were supposed to arrive yesterday. | Expresses an expectation of their arrival that was not fulfilled. |
| I was anticipating a positive response. | Indicates an expectation of a favorable reaction. |
| She was expecting to receive a promotion. | Expresses an expectation of advancement. |
| He was looking forward to the vacation. | Indicates an expectation of enjoyment. |
| They were counting on his support. | Conveys an expectation of his assistance. |
| I had hoped that she would accept the offer. | Expresses a desire and expectation of acceptance. |
| She was relying on his expertise. | Indicates an expectation of his knowledge. |
| He was depending on their help. | Conveys an expectation of their support. |
| They had been anticipating a large turnout. | Expresses an expectation of attendance. |
| I was assuming that he knew the answer. | Indicates an expectation of his knowledge. |
| She was presuming that they would agree. | Conveys an expectation of their consent. |
| He was taking it for granted that she would be there. | Expresses an expectation of her presence. |
| They had been envisioning a successful outcome. | Indicates an expectation of a positive result. |
| I was imagining a perfect day. | Conveys an expectation of ideal circumstances. |
| She was picturing a romantic evening. | Expresses an expectation of a special occasion. |
| He was dreaming of a better future. | Indicates an expectation of improvement. |
| They had been fantasizing about winning the lottery. | Conveys an unrealistic expectation. |
| I was anticipating a warm welcome. | Expresses an expectation of hospitality. |
| She was expecting a standing ovation. | Indicates an expectation of enthusiastic applause. |
| He was looking forward to a relaxing weekend. | Conveys an expectation of leisure. |
| They were counting on a favorable review. | Expresses an expectation of positive feedback. |
| I had hoped for a better result. | Indicates a desire and expectation of improvement. |
This table showcases how past expectations are expressed, often highlighting situations where those expectations were not met. The use of past perfect and modal verbs like “should have” is common.
Failed Expectation Examples
These examples illustrate situations where anticipated outcomes did not occur, expressing disappointment or surprise.
| Sentence | Explanation |
|---|---|
| I had expected the movie to be good, but it was terrible. | Clearly indicates a failed expectation. |
| Unfortunately, the project was not completed on time. | Emphasizes the failure of an expectation. |
| Disappointingly, the results were below expectations. | Expresses disappointment at the outcome. |
| Contrary to expectations, the company reported a loss. | Highlights the unexpected nature of the result. |
| Contrary to what was expected, the weather turned bad. | Shows the unexpected shift in the weather. |
| Against all expectations, he lost the election. | Emphasizes the surprising nature of the defeat. |
| To my disappointment, the concert was canceled. | Expresses personal disappointment. |
| To my surprise, she declined the offer. | Highlights the unexpected refusal. |
| Contrary to popular belief, the earth is not flat. | Challenges a common expectation. |
| Against all odds, they won the game. | Emphasizes the unlikely victory. |
| Despite my expectations, it rained all day. | Shows a failed expectation about the weather. |
| Contrary to predictions, the stock market crashed. | Highlights the unexpected financial downturn. |
| Against my better judgment, I trusted him. | Expresses regret about a failed expectation. |
| Despite all efforts, the problem persisted. | Shows a failed expectation of resolution. |
| To my dismay, the plan failed. | Expresses disappointment at the failure. |
| To my astonishment, he admitted his mistake. | Highlights the surprising admission. |
| Contrary to my hopes, she didn’t forgive me. | Shows a failed expectation of forgiveness. |
| Against my wishes, they left early. | Emphasizes the unwanted departure. |
| Despite my warnings, he made the same mistake. | Shows a failed expectation of learning. |
| Contrary to my understanding, the rules changed. | Highlights the unexpected alteration. |
| Against my advice, they invested poorly. | Expresses regret about a failed expectation. |
| Despite my efforts to help, he refused. | Shows a failed expectation of cooperation. |
| To my chagrin, I was proven wrong. | Expresses humiliation at the mistake. |
| To my bewilderment, she disappeared. | Highlights the confusing disappearance. |
This table demonstrates how failed expectations are expressed through specific phrases and adverbs that convey disappointment, surprise, or regret. The contrast between the expected and actual outcomes is emphasized.
Usage Rules for Expressing Expectation
Expressing expectation accurately requires adherence to specific grammatical rules. Understanding these rules ensures clarity and avoids common errors.
Here are some key guidelines:
- Use the correct tense: Choose the appropriate tense to match the time frame of the expectation (future, present, or past). For future expectations, use future tenses like “will” or “going to.” For present expectations, use present tenses like the present simple or present continuous. For past expectations, use past tenses like the past perfect or past continuous.
- Select the appropriate modal verb: Modal verbs like “should,” “ought to,” “must,” and “be supposed to” convey different degrees of obligation or likelihood. Choose the modal verb that best reflects the strength and nature of the expectation.
- Use adverbs of certainty carefully: Adverbs like “certainly,” “probably,” “likely,” and “possibly” modify the degree of certainty associated with an expectation. Use these adverbs strategically to refine your message and convey the level of confidence in your belief.
- Maintain subject-verb agreement: Ensure that the verb agrees with its subject in number and person. This is particularly important when using present tenses. For example, “He expects…” (singular) vs. “They expect…” (plural).
- Avoid ambiguity: Ensure that your sentences are clear and unambiguous. Use specific phrases or clauses to explicitly state your expectation when necessary.
- Be mindful of context: Consider the context of the conversation or writing when expressing expectation. The appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary may vary depending on the situation.
A common exception to the general rules involves the use of the present continuous tense to express future expectations, particularly when referring to scheduled events or arrangements. For example, “I am meeting him tomorrow” expresses a future expectation based on a pre-arranged plan.
This usage is particularly common in informal contexts. Another exception involves the use of the past simple tense to express a general expectation about the past.
For example, “I expected him to be there” expresses a general expectation without specifying the exact time frame.
Common Mistakes When Expressing Expectation
Several common mistakes can occur when expressing expectation in English grammar. Recognizing these errors and understanding how to correct them is crucial for effective communication.
| Incorrect | Correct | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| I will going to the party. | I am going to go to the party. | Incorrect use of “will” with “going to.” |
| He should to arrive on time. | He should arrive on time. | “Should” does not require “to” before the verb. |
| They are expect to win. | They are expected to win. | Missing “ed” to form the passive voice. |
| I expecting him to call. | I was expecting him to call. | Missing auxiliary verb “was” for past continuous tense. |
| She must to study harder. | She must study harder. | “Must” does not require “to” before the verb. |
| He is suppose to be here. | He is supposed to be here. | Incorrect spelling of “supposed.” |
| I had expect him to help. | I had expected him to help. | Missing “ed” to form the past participle. |
| They ought arrive soon. | They ought to arrive soon. | “Ought” requires “to” before the verb. |
| We are waiting he to call. | We are waiting for him to call. | Missing preposition “for” after “waiting.” |
| I will be see you tomorrow. | I will see you tomorrow. | Incorrect use of “be” with “see.” |
| He is certainly to win. | He is certain to win. | Incorrect use of “certainly” as adjective. |
| They are probably be late. | They will probably be late. | Incorrect verb usage after “probably.” |
| She is likely comes. | She is likely to come. | Missing “to” before the verb. |
| He is possibly arrive. | He will possibly arrive. | Incorrect verb tense usage. |
| I was expect a gift. | I was expecting a gift. | Missing “ing” to form the continuous tense. |
| They should helped him. | They should have helped him. | Missing “have” to form the perfect tense. |
| She ought thanked him. | She ought to have thanked him. | Missing “to have” to form the perfect tense. |
| He must apologized. | He must have apologized. | Missing “have” to form the perfect tense. |
| I am anticipate a problem. | I anticipate a problem. | Incorrect tense usage. |
| They are forecast rain. | They are forecasting rain. | Incorrect tense usage. |
This table highlights common errors in expressing expectation, providing both incorrect and corrected sentences along with explanations. Paying attention to these mistakes can significantly improve accuracy.
Practice Exercises
Test your understanding of expectation in grammar with these practice exercises.
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. I ________ (finish) this project by Friday. | will finish |
| 2. She ________ (go) to college next year. | is going to go |
| 3. They ________ (arrive) on time, I hope. | should arrive |
| 4. The sun ________ (rise) in the east. | rises |
| 5. He ________ (be) here by now. | should be |
| 6. We ________ (meet) tomorrow at 10 AM. | are meeting |
| 7. She ________ (study) harder for the exam. | should have studied |
| 8. They ________ (be) supposed to call yesterday. | were |
| 9. I ________ (expect) him to help, but he didn’t. | had expected |
| 10. It ________ (rain) tomorrow, according to the forecast. | will rain |
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences to express expectation using the given word or phrase in parentheses.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. I think he will win the race. (expect) | I expect him to win the race. |
| 2. She plans to travel to Italy. (going to) | She is going to travel to Italy. |
| 3. It is likely that they will be late. (probably) | They will probably be late. |
| 4. He should apologize for his behavior. (ought to) | He ought to apologize for his behavior. |
| 5. They are scheduled to depart at noon. (supposed to) | They are supposed to depart at noon. |
| 6. I believe she will succeed. (anticipate) | I anticipate that she will succeed. |
| 7. He is certain to pass the test. (definitely) | He will definitely pass the test. |
| 8. They will possibly cancel the event. (might) | They might cancel the event. |
| 9. I assume he knows the answer. (presume) | I presume he knows the answer. |
| 10. It is unlikely that it will snow. (doubt) | I doubt it will snow. |
Exercise 3: Identify the type of expectation (future, present, past, or failed) expressed in each sentence.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. She always arrives early. | Present |
| 2. I will visit you next week. | Future |
| 3. He should have called me. | Past |
| 4. Disappointingly, the project failed. | Failed |
| 5. They are going to buy a new car. | Future |
| 6. She is currently working on her thesis. | Present |
| 7. I had expected him to be there. | Past |
| 8. Unfortunately, the weather was bad. | Failed |
| 9. The sun rises every morning. | Present |
| 10. He must finish the report today. | Future |
Advanced Topics in Expectation
For advanced learners, exploring more complex aspects of expectation can further refine their understanding of English grammar. One advanced topic is the use of subjunctive mood in expressing expectations, particularly in formal writing and speech.
The subjunctive mood is used to express wishes, suggestions, or hypothetical situations, often involving a degree of uncertainty or expectation. For example, “I suggest that he be present at the meeting” uses the subjunctive mood to express a strong recommendation or expectation.
Another advanced topic is the use of inversion to emphasize expectation or surprise. Inversion involves changing the usual word order of a sentence, often by placing the auxiliary verb before the subject.
For example, “Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset” uses inversion to emphasize the speaker’s surprise and admiration.
Another complex area involves understanding the subtle differences between various modal verbs and adverbs of certainty. While “should” and “ought to” both express obligation, “must” conveys a stronger sense of necessity.
Similarly, “certainly” and “definitely” express a higher degree of certainty than “probably” or “likely.” Mastering these nuances requires careful attention to context and a deep understanding of the semantic range of each word or phrase. Furthermore, exploring the cultural and regional variations in expressing expectation can provide valuable insights into the diversity of English language use.
Different cultures and regions may have preferred grammatical structures or vocabulary for expressing expectation, reflecting different communication styles and values.
Frequently Asked Questions
Here are some frequently asked questions about expectation in grammar:
- What is the difference between “will” and “going to” for expressing future expectation?
While both “will” and “going to” express future expectation, “will” is often used for spontaneous decisions or general predictions, whereas “going to” is used for planned actions or intentions. For example, “I will answer the phone” is a spontaneous decision, while “I am going to study abroad” is a planned action.
- How do modal verbs like “should” and “ought to” differ in expressing expectation?
“Should” and “ought to” both express obligation or recommendation, but “ought to” is generally considered more formal and less common in everyday speech. “Should” is often used for general advice, while “ought to” can imply a stronger moral or ethical obligation. For example, “You should eat healthy food” is general advice, while “You ought to respect your elders” implies a stronger moral obligation.
- What is the role of adverbs of certainty in expressing expectation?
Adverbs of certainty, such as “certainly,” “probably,” and “likely,” modify the degree of confidence associated with an expectation. They help to refine the speaker’s message and convey the level of belief in the anticipated outcome. For example, “It will certainly rain tomorrow” expresses a high degree of confidence, while “It will probably rain tomorrow” expresses a lower degree of confidence.
- How can I express a failed expectation in English?
You can express a failed expectation using phrases like “I had expected…” or “I was expecting…” followed by a clause describing the anticipated outcome. You can also use modal verbs like “should have” or “ought to have” to express regret about past actions that did not meet expectations. For example, “I had expected the movie to be good, but it was terrible” clearly indicates a failed expectation.
- What is the subjunctive mood, and how is it used to express expectation?
The subjunctive mood is used to express wishes, suggestions, or hypothetical situations, often involving a degree of uncertainty or expectation. It is typically used in formal writing and speech. For example, “I suggest that he be present at the meeting” uses the subjunctive mood to express a strong recommendation
or expectation.
Conclusion
Understanding expectation in grammar is essential for effective communication in English. By mastering the grammatical structures and vocabulary used to express expectation, you can convey your beliefs and anticipations with precision and clarity.
This article has provided a comprehensive overview of expectation in grammar, covering its definition, structural breakdown, types, usage rules, common mistakes, and advanced topics. By practicing the exercises and reviewing the examples provided, you can significantly improve your ability to express expectation accurately and confidently.
Whether you are an English language learner, a writer, or simply someone seeking to refine your understanding of grammar, mastering expectation will enhance your communication skills and enable you to express yourself more effectively.